Picture Notes:  

More Information:                                

Distribution:  Europe, Caucasus, N. Turkey, N. Iran. Introduced in N. America by early settlers.

Synonyms:  

Hardiness Zone:  USDA Zones 4-7       (view USDA zone map)

Size:   40-50 ft. tall (up to 90 ft. tall) with a similar spread.

Form:   Deciduous tree. Upright, then broad-spreading, dense, with a rounded head.

Bark:   Bark is dark gray, evenly and predictably-ridged and furrowed.

Stem/Bud:   Buds are oval, large, to l/2 inch long on the terminals, reddish to maroon in color, "football-shaped".

Leaves:   Leaves are opposite, simple, 4-7 inches across, 5-lobed, each lobe sharply pointed, remotely dentate, lustrous dark green in color, with milky sap in the petiole.

Fall Color:   Fall color is golden-yellow, usually quite late in developing color.

Flower:   Flowers are yellowish, l/3 inch across, produced in April on erect, many-flowered corymbs, produced in great abundance, showy.

Fruit:   Fruit is a samara, l l/2 - 2 inches long, the wings being nearly horizontal, ripening in Sept.-Oct.

Uses:   Street tree, wherever dense shade tree is desired. Salt tolerant.

Problems:   Click here   to view problems.   Girdling roots can be a problem.

Culture:   Grows best in full sun; shade and root competition under mature trees make it difficult to maintain a good lawn. Propagated by seeds and budding on seedling roots.

Links:   

Notes:   See Krussmann key to cultivars. Bark splitting may be common under USDA Zone 4 conditions.

Notes 2:   Shade tree. Introduced in Michigan.

Notes 3:   

Cultivars:   

                 'Cleveland'
                                 [ Bright green color leaves; dense, oval form. ]

                 'Columnare'
                                 [ Narrow, columnar form. ]

                 *  'Crimson King'
                                 [ Similar to species in form(rounded crown) but with deep purple or
                                  bloodred leaf color that persists throughout the growing season.
                                  More subject to winter injury than the species. ]

                 'Deborah'
                                 [ Red new growth with wrinkled leaf margins, eventually changing to
                                  dark green. Seedling of `Schwedleri.' ]

                 *  'Drummondii'
                                 [ Foliage with white variegation. Plant in sheltered location. ]

                 'Globosum'
                                 [ Grafted on a standard at desired height. Forms a dense globe. ]

                 'Greenlace'
                                 [ Rounded form like species but with deeply lobed leaves that give a
                                  lacelike appearance. ]

                 'Royal Red'
                                 [ Similar to `Crimson King' with purple or bloodred color all
                                  season. Reported to be easier to establish. ]

                 'Variegatum'

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